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Security Reports disagree6 publishers 3 min read Published Updated

14,530 Dahua cameras in 35 days, and the only exotic tool was masscan

Hunt.io says one operator brute-forced its way through more than 14,000 internet-exposed cameras in five weeks. The tooling was borrowed; the exposure did the work.

The Watch · Security desk

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What happened

  • Between 17 June and 22 July 2026, a single operator compromised over 14,000 Dahua IP cameras.
  • On 23 July 2026, Hunt.io AttackCapture crawled the operator's own server and recovered their entire working environment, 2,616 files across 234 subdirectories, 407 MB, from an open HTTP directory they had exposed themselves.
  • 14,530 or more devices were compromised in 35 days.
  • The brute-force engine alone reached 12,324 unique addresses.
  • The scanning was global: masscan sweeps ran against Russian address space first, then across the full IPv4 range, and the largest single haul landed in Mexican and Vietnamese ISP ranges before the operator's focus settled on Russian and CIS telecom netblocks.

Why it matters

A single operator compromised more than 14,000 internet-exposed Dahua IP cameras between 17 June and 22 July 2026, according to Hunt.io, whose AttackCapture crawler recovered the operator's entire working environment, 2,616 files across 234 subdirectories and 407 MB, from an open HTTP directory the operator had exposed themselves [1][3]. None of the tradecraft was exotic: masscan sweeps for discovery, a toolkit credited to at least six upstream developers, and an estate that answered [7][23].

The totals carry the finding. Hunt.io counts 14,530 or more devices compromised in 35 days, of which the brute-force engine alone reached 12,324 unique addresses [2][4], roughly 85 percent of the haul [21] and about 415 devices a day [18]. Scanning ran against Russian address space first, then the full IPv4 range, and the largest single haul landed in Mexican and Vietnamese ISP ranges before the operator's focus settled on Russian and CIS telecom netblocks [7]. Confirmed, geolocated compromises concentrated in Ukraine and Russia, with Ukraine holding the largest share [8]. Three exploitation paths ran in parallel [16].

The part that outlives the incident is the backdoor. Hunt.io found 1,923 cameras carrying a persistent account, p2pwn / p2password, installed over RPC after either bypass [5]. It is stored independently of the admin password, survives a password change, and on most firmware survives a factory reset [6]. That moves remediation from credential rotation to firmware replacement, and it means an operator who rotated passwords in July may still be hosting a tenant.

A smaller set is more interesting architecturally. Hunt.io says 283 cameras were reached by serial number alone through Dahua's cloud relay, with no device address and in most cases no credentials, and that the operator's own code records 89.4 percent of live serials as requiring no authentication [11][12]. Offline recovery codes grant cloud-level administrative access by serial number, independently of device credentials, which Hunt.io calls the strongest indicator the toolkit was built to hand access to a third party [14]. Perimeter firewalling does not help against access brokered through the vendor's own relay.

Two CVE labels in the tooling do not survive inspection, per Hunt.io. CVE-2024-39943, the identifier p2pwn attaches to its persistence technique, belongs to an unrelated command-injection flaw in Rejetto HTTP File Server; the technique is verified from source, the label is wrong, and Hunt.io could not determine whether a correct identifier exists [9]. CVE-2025-31702, inherited from the upstream proof-of-concept behind the relay component, is described in Dahua's advisory as a post-authentication privilege escalation, CWE-732, CVSS 6.8, not in CISA KEV, which is not the unauthenticated relay abuse observed [10]. Anyone triaging by CVE score here will underrate the exposure.

Also staged on the same host: a UPX-packed Windows binary classified as SalatStealer with a five-method Defender bypass script [19]. Hunt.io flagged the host, 154.86.119.60, on TCP/37777, Dahua's Easy4IP management protocol, and traced the whole exposure to one command left in shell history, run twice from /root: a Python http.server bound to 0.0.0.0 on port 80 [13][15]. The operator's opsec failure was the same class of mistake as their victims'.

This is the second Dahua camera operation Hunt.io has traced to an exposed operator directory in two weeks; the previous one covered 58 cameras [20], roughly 250 times smaller [22].

Watch whether a correct identifier is assigned for the p2pwn persistence technique, since without one it will not appear in patch or KEV workflows [9][10]. Watch for reuse of the recovery-code path by a second party, which is what transferable access is for [14]. National CERTs were notified on 10 August 2026 and publication was held to 18 August under TLP:AMBER, so remediation timelines in Ukraine and Russia start there [17].

Clarity's read

What the record supports and how the coverage leans. The claims behind it follow.

Reality

Evidence62
Adoption
Not scored
Hype gap+15
Incentives40
Confidence64

Perspective Coverage

6 publishers
Builder
Builder 34%
Operator
Operator 61%
Investor
Investor 5%
Why these scores

Claim ledger

Ranked by verification strength, evidence, and original report placement.

  1. [1]

    Between 17 June and 22 July 2026, a single operator compromised over 14,000 Dahua IP cameras.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  2. [2]

    14,530 or more devices were compromised in 35 days.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  3. [3]

    On 23 July 2026, Hunt.io AttackCapture crawled the operator's own server and recovered their entire working environment, 2,616 files across 234 subdirectories, 407 MB, from an open HTTP directory they had exposed themselves.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  4. [4]

    The brute-force engine alone reached 12,324 unique addresses.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  5. [5]

    1,923 cameras carry a persistent backdoor account (p2pwn / p2password), installed over RPC after either bypass.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  6. [6]

    The backdoor account is stored independently of the admin password and survives a password change and, on most firmware, a factory reset.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  7. [7]

    The scanning was global: masscan sweeps ran against Russian address space first, then across the full IPv4 range, and the largest single haul landed in Mexican and Vietnamese ISP ranges before the operator's focus settled on Russian and CIS telecom netblocks.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  8. [8]

    Confirmed, geolocated compromises concentrated in Ukraine and Russia, with Ukraine holding the largest share.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  9. [9]

    CVE-2024-39943 is the label p2pwn attaches to its persistent-backdoor technique, but that identifier belongs to an unrelated command-injection flaw in Rejetto HTTP File Server; the technique is real and verified from source while the identifier is wrong, and Hunt.io could not determine whether a correct one has been assigned.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  10. [10]

    CVE-2025-31702 is inherited from the upstream researchers whose proof-of-concept underlies the relay component; Dahua's advisory for that identifier describes a post-authentication privilege escalation (CWE-732, CVSS 6.8, not in CISA KEV) requiring valid credentials, which is not the unauthenticated relay abuse documented.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.io, citing Dahua's advisoryView cited source
  11. [11]

    283 cameras were reached by serial number alone through Dahua's cloud relay, with no device address and, in most cases, no credentials.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  12. [12]

    The operator's own code records that 89.4 percent of live serials required no authentication.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.io, citing the operator's codeView cited source
  13. [13]

    AttackCapture flagged 154.86.119.60 for activity on TCP/37777, Dahua's Easy4IP management protocol, and crawled the host's open HTTP server on 23 July 2026 at 11:45 UTC.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  14. [14]

    Offline recovery codes grant cloud-level administrative access by serial number, independently of device credentials; Hunt.io calls this transferable-access design the strongest indicator the toolkit was built to hand access to a third party.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  15. [15]

    The exposure traces to one command preserved in shell history and executed from /root, 'cd /root && sudo python3 -m http.server 80 --bind 0.0.0.0', appearing twice in succession.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  16. [16]

    The report covers three exploitation paths running in parallel.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  17. [17]

    The relevant national CERTs were notified on 10 August 2026 and Dahua's PSIRT was notified regarding the issues affecting devices in all countries observed; publication was held until 18 August 2026 under TLP:AMBER, and Dahua PSIRT reviewed parts of the research ahead of publication.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  18. [18]

    14,530 devices over 35 days averages about 415 devices compromised per day.

    Derived Supported
  19. [19]

    A second, unrelated capability was staged on the same host: a UPX-packed Windows binary classified as SalatStealer, with a five-method Defender bypass script.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  20. [20]

    This is the second Dahua-related camera compromise operation Hunt.io has traced back to an exposed operator directory in as many weeks; the prior investigation centred on a Russian-speaking operator running a purpose-built platform against 58 cameras.

    Reported Supported Source: Hunt.ioView cited source
  21. [21]

    The brute-force engine's 12,324 unique addresses account for roughly 85 percent of the 14,530 devices compromised.

    Derived Supported
  22. [22]

    This campaign's device count is roughly 250 times that of the previously reported 58-camera operation.

    Derived Supported
  23. [23]

    The toolkit is assembled, not authored; its components are credited to at least six upstream developers, and running these tools establishes use, not authorship.

    Reported Contested Source: Hunt.ioView cited source

Sources

6 independent publishers whose own reporting we read for this story.

  1. bleepingcomputer.com

    1 article · August 19, 2026

    Hackers compromise 14,500 Dahua web cameras in 35-day campaign
  2. hunt.io

    1 article · August 18, 2026

    Hunt Intelligence
  3. scworld.com

    1 article · August 20, 2026

    Operation CameraSwarm compromises over 14,500 Dahua devices
  4. securityaffairs.com

    1 article · August 19, 2026

    Inside Operation CameraSwarm: How One Actor Took Over 14,000 Dahua Cameras
  5. securityweek.com

    1 article · August 20, 2026

    Threat Actor Hacks 14,000 IP Cameras in Ukraine and Russia
  6. thehackernews.com

    2 articles · August 19, 2026

    Hackers Compromised 14,500+ Dahua Devices Using Credential Attacks, Auth Bypasses, and P2P

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