Research lab
Public research university in Sydney, Australia (UNSW), known for engineering, physics, climate science and the life sciences.
Macquarie and UNSW researchers report in PNAS that the 2 mm honey bee stinger is a double-piston micro-pump with continuous venom flow. The valve geometry would explain a detached stinger's delivery; the tests were in gel and a 3D-printed model.
Reality
Macquarie University researchers used high-speed video to show that a honey bee's 2-millimeter stinger pumps venom with two collapsible pistons. Each lancet carries a valve, and the pair pump in opposite directions to give a continuous flow.
Reality
Mat Santamouris says coatings, shading, ventilation and better ceiling fans could cut average urban temperatures by several degrees. That number is an estimate, not a measured result.
Reality
A tripling of days above 105 F in the US arrives long before the theoretical survivability limit does. The operational threshold is a healthy adult in the shade, and parts of the country already cross it.
Reality
A new grading method scores models on satellite radiation trends rather than past surface temperatures, and the ones previously discounted come out on top.
Reality