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OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications

OWASP's ranked list of top security risks in large language model applications, covering issues like prompt injection, excessive agency, and supply chain flaws.

Known aliases

  • LLM Top 10
  • OWASP Top 10 for LLM
  • OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications 2026
  • OWASP Top 10 for LLM Apps

Current stories

buildOne report1 publisher

Apple tightens macOS Full Disk Access over the risk AI agents bring to a backup-era permission

Apple announced on October 2 that macOS Full Disk Access can be granted only through very explicit user action, citing the added risk from AI agents. Agent builders can scope to user-selected folders now.

Publishers:dev.to

Reality

Evidence55
Adoption
Not scored
Hype gap+30
Incentives40
Confidence50
securityConfirmed3 publishers

Just over half of PwC's 3,934 respondents call attacks on AI their biggest cyber gap

PwC surveyed 3,934 leaders and found 52% rank attacks on AI systems as their biggest cyber preparedness gap. Only 17% place AI risk with the CISO, so in most of the sample the security function does not own the threat it feels least ready for.

Perspective Coverage

3 publishers
Builder
Builder 28%
Operator
Operator 57%
Investor
Investor 15%

Reality

Evidence55
Adoption35
Hype gap+15
Incentives40
Confidence60
buildOne report1 publisher

Tool permissions set the maximum harm a hijacked security agent can do

Dev.to author dharani2d argues agent security depends on who picks the next tool call, citing Excessive Agency's rise from sixth to third at OWASP. The proposed control plane keeps identity, authorization, argument checks and approvals in deterministic code outside the model.

Publishers:dev.to

Reality

Evidence45
Adoption
Not scored
Hype gap+10
Incentives
Not scored
Confidence40
buildOne report1 publisher

AegisGate measured its 100% true-positive rate on the patterns it already had

AegisGate's founder replayed 24 attack prompts gathered from advisories and disclosed incidents against his own gateway, which scores 99.8 out of 100 on evasion resistance. It blocked 13, and seven new regexes followed.

Publishers:dev.to

Reality

Evidence35
Adoption
Not scored
Hype gap+45
Incentives65
Confidence60
productOne report1 publisher

AI agents turn the endpoint inventory into a record of permissions and actions

Only 36% of IT staff in an Automox survey feel highly confident in their endpoint compliance visibility, as AI agents start acting on managed devices. Agents inherit their launcher's rights, so teams now need a record of what each may do and what it did.

Publishers:thenextweb.com

Reality

Evidence40
Adoption50
Hype gap+25
Incentives80
Confidence40
securityOne report1 publisher

Excessive Agency climbs from sixth to third in OWASP's 2026 LLM Top 10

OWASP's August 3 edition added no categories and removed none, yet eight of the ten entries changed rank, with Unbounded Consumption up four places and Improper Output Handling down five. Prompt Injection still holds first.

Publishers:imperva.com

Reality

Evidence45
Adoption
Not scored
Hype gap+12
Incentives70
Confidence55
securityOne report1 publisher

A poisoned source pushed Forcepoint's unguarded test agent to 500 tool calls

Forcepoint's unguarded research agent ran 500 tool calls for a simulated $10, a total set by the test's own ceiling, while the same scenario with a call budget, recursion cap and circuit breaker ended after one call and $0.02.

Publishers:scworld.com

Reality

Evidence42
Adoption15
Hype gap+30
Incentives70
Confidence45
buildOne report1 publisher

CrowdStrike's 98% and Simbian's 3.8% are measuring different SOC jobs

Microsoft and Omdia put the average security operations centre at close to 3,000 alerts a day with 42% never investigated, while a 2026 benchmark scored the best frontier model at 3.8% on finding malicious events in raw Windows logs.

Publishers:dev.to

Reality

Evidence38
Adoption45
Hype gap+30
Incentives80
Confidence40
buildOne report1 publisher

The MCP client injects a server's tool descriptions into the same context as the system prompt

A dev.to analysis of the Model Context Protocol argues the tool layer is where an attacker gets to write instructions, and that the agent then carries them out holding credentials the content author never had.

Publishers:dev.to

Reality

Evidence45
Adoption
Not scored
Hype gap+5
Incentives25
Confidence50
securityOne report1 publisher

A 472-character invisible payload steered an email summarizer into reporting only the attacker's text

Forcepoint X-Labs hid instructions in zero-pixel white HTML and watched a summarizer repeat them as fact. The measurement is new; two named practitioners say the design flaw it measures has been documented since 2023.

Reality

Evidence58
Adoption22
Hype gap+27
Incentives72
Confidence60
securityOne report1 publisher

Enterprise AI plumbing reintroduces the standing credentials public PKI is being forced to retire

An SC World commentary argues the AI security debate is stuck on model behavior while agent connectors get wired with API keys that never rotate and model loading still executes unsigned code.

Publishers:scworld.com

Reality

Evidence58
Adoption34
Hype gap+14
Incentives34
Confidence53
investOne report1 publisher

ClawHavoc's 12 accounts outshipped the malicious-skill census by 7.5 times

OWASP's v1.0 standard says the payload is prose and the permissions belong to the host agent, which is another way of saying the SAST and SCA licences already on the books scan straight past the thing teams are installing this quarter.

Publishers:kenhuangus.substack.com

Reality

Evidence42
Adoption20
Hype gap+28
Incentives78
Confidence38
buildOne report1 publisher

Six to nine vendors, five obligations each: the first AI security exercise is arithmetic

A vendor-authored count says a typical production AI app routes through 6 to 9 services, each adding a key, an egress path, an in-runtime SDK, a prompt log and a subprocessor. The count holds up.

Publishers:dev.to

Reality

Evidence54
Adoption
Not scored
Hype gap+22
Incentives78
Confidence46